Acute transient cognitive dysfunction and acute brain injury induced by systemic inflammation occur by dissociable IL-1-dependent mechanisms
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2018Author:
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Skelly, D.T., Griffin, É.W., Murray, C.L., Harney, S., O'Boyle, C., Hennessy, E., Dansereau, M., Nazmi, A., Tortorelli, L. Rawlins, J.N., Bannerman, D.M. & Cunningham, C., Acute transient cognitive dysfunction and acute brain injury induced by systemic inflammation occur by dissociable IL-1-dependent mechanisms, Molecular Psychiatry, 2018, 1-Download Item:
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Abstract:
Systemic inflammation can impair cognition with relevance to dementia, delirium and post-operative cognitive dysfunction. Episodes of delirium also contribute to rates of long-term cognitive decline, implying that these acute events induce injury. Whether systemic inflammation-induced acute dysfunction and acute brain injury occur by overlapping or discrete mechanisms remains unexplored. Here we show that systemic inflammation, induced by bacterial LPS, produces both working-memory deficits and acute brain injury in the degenerating brain and that these occur by dissociable IL-1-dependent processes. In normal C57BL/6 mice, LPS (100 µg/kg) did not affect working memory but impaired long-term memory consolidation. However prior hippocampal synaptic loss left mice selectively vulnerable to LPS-induced working memory deficits. Systemically administered IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) was protective against, and systemic IL-1β replicated, these working memory deficits. Dexamethasone abolished systemic cytokine synthesis and was protective against working memory deficits, without blocking brain IL-1β synthesis. Direct application of IL-1β to ex vivo hippocampal slices induced non-synaptic depolarisation and irreversible loss of membrane potential in CA1 neurons from diseased animals and systemic LPS increased apoptosis in the degenerating brain, in an IL-1RI-dependent fashion. The data suggest that LPS induces working memory dysfunction via circulating IL-1β but direct hippocampal action of IL-1β causes neuronal dysfunction and may drive neuronal death. The data suggest that acute systemic inflammation produces both reversible cognitive deficits, resembling delirium, and acute brain injury contributing to long-term cognitive impairment but that these events are mechanistically dissociable. These data have significant implications for management of cognitive dysfunction during acute illness.
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Wellcome Trust
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http://people.tcd.ie/cunnincoDescription:
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Author: Cunningham, Colm; Skelly, Donal T.; Griffin, Éadaoin W.; Murray, Carol L.; Harney, Sarah; O'Boyle, Conor; Hennessy, Edel; Dansereau, Marc-Andre; Nazmi, Arshed; Tortorelli, Lucas; Rawlins, J. Nicholas; Bannerman, David M.
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Molecular Psychiatry;Availability:
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Systemic inflammation, Acute brain injury, DeliriumDOI:
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-018-0075-8Licences: