RSS 1.0Physiology
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Physiology (Scholarly Publications)
Physiology (Scholarly Publications)
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Differential role of Dok1 and Dok2 in TLR2-induced inflammatory signaling in glia.
(2013)Accumulating evidence continues to underpin the role of the innate immune system in pathologies associated with neuroinflammation. Innate immunity is regulated by pattern recognition receptors that detect pathogens, and ... -
Chronic pre-treatment with memantine prevents amyloid-beta protein-mediated long-term potentiation disruption.
(2013)Previous studies indicate that memantine, a low-affinity N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, exerted acute protective effects against amyloid-β protein-induced neurotoxicity. In the present study, the chronic effects ... -
The cannabinoid receptor type 1 is essential for mesenchymal stem cell survival and differentiation: implications for bone health.
(2013)Significant loss of bone due to trauma, underlying metabolic disease, or lack of repair due to old age surpasses the body’s endogenous bone repair mechanisms. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells which may ... -
Dietary quality in a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ireland; a cross-sectional case control study.
(2013)BACKGROUND: A number of dietary quality indices (DQIs) have been developed to assess the quality of dietary intake. Analysis of the intake of individual nutrients does not reflect the complexity of dietary behaviours ... -
Enhanced motor learning following task-concurrent dual transcranial direct current stimulation.
(2013)OBJECTIVE: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) has beneficial effects on motor performance and motor learning in healthy subjects and is emerging as a promising tool for motor ... -
How dependent is synaptic plasticity on microglial phenotype?
(2014)Microglia are particularly plastic cells which can be shifted from their resting state by numerous factors and adopt distinct phenotypes. The cells are multifunctional, though their main role is probably maintenance of ... -
Identifying Early Inflammatory Changes in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages from a Population with IQ-Discrepant Episodic Memory
(2013)Background Cells of the innate immune system including monocytes and macrophages are the first line of defence against infections and are critical regulators of the inflammatory response. These cells express toll-like ... -
Neuroinflammatory changes negatively impact on LTP: a focus on IL - 1 β
(2014)In recent years it has become clear that neuroinflammatory changes develop in the brain with age and that similar, though more profound changes, occur in neurodegenerative conditions and in animal models of neurodegeneration. ... -
Pathway specific modulation of S1P1 receptor signalling in rat and human astrocytes.
(2013)BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor subtype 1 (S1P1R) is modulated by phosphorylated FTY720 (pFTY720), which causes S1P1R internalization preventing lymphocyte migration thus limiting autoimmune ... -
Identification of Novel Genes and Pathways Regulating SREBP Transcriptional Activity.
(2009)Background Lipid metabolism in mammals is orchestrated by a family of transcription factors called sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) that control the expression of genes required for the uptake and ... -
SCFCdc4 acts antagonistically to the PGC-1alpha transcriptional coactivator by targeting it for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis.
(2008)Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) is a highly regulated transcriptional coactivator that coordinates energy metabolism in mammals. Misregulation of PGC-1alpha has ... -
The Schizophrenic Faces of PICK1
(2006)Schizophrenia is a grave psychiatric disorder with psychotic symptoms and an enigmatic etiology. Family studies have strongly indicated that genetic risk factors have a role in this disease. Recent findings, together ... -
BDNF-stimulated intracellular signalling mechanisms underlie exercise-induced improvement in spatial memory in the male Wistar rat.
(2013)Exercise-induced improvements in learning are associated with neurotrophic and neurogenic changes in the dentate gyrus, but the intracellular signalling mechanisms that may mediate these improvements remain unknown. In the ... -
Targeting S1P receptors in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice improves early deficits in locomotor activity and increases ultrasonic vocalisations
(2014)Fingolimod (FTY720) is an oral therapy for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and targets sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs). FTY720 also rescues animals from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), ... -
Fingolimod Attenuates Splenocyte-Induced Demyelination in Cerebellar Slice Cultures
(2014)The family of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) is G-protein-coupled, comprised of subtypes S1PR1-S1PR5 and activated by the endogenous ligand S1P. The phosphorylated version of Fingolimod (pFTY720), an oral therapy ... -
Levels of S100B are raised in female patients with schizophrenia.
(2013)Background The neurotrophic factor, S100B, is released primarily from astrocytes, with serum and CSF levels of S100B reported as altered in schizophrenia. However, many of these reports are contradictory. Here, serum ... -
Age-associated dysregulation of microglial activation is coupled with enhanced BBB permeability and pathology in APP/PS1 mice
(2014)Aging adversely affects inflammatory processes in the brain, which has important implications in the context of disease progression. It has been proposed that microglia become dysfunctional with age and may lose their ... -
Respiratory infection promotes T cell infiltration and Aβ deposition in APP/PS1 mice.
(2014)Alzheimer?s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by deposits of amyloid-? and neurofibrillary tangles. It has been suggested that inflammatory changes are associated with disease; however, ... -
Classical activation of microglia in CD200-deficient mice is a consequence of blood brain barrier permeability and infiltration of peripheral cells.
(2013)The interaction between CD200, expressed on several cell types, and its receptor CD200R, expressed on cells of the myeloid lineage, has been shown to be an important factor in modulating inflammation in macrophage function ...