Browsing Biochemistry (Scholarly Publications) by Title
Now showing items 491-510 of 725
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p53 target genes sestrin1 and sestrin2 connect genotoxic stress and mTOR signaling
(2008)The tumor suppressor p53 is activated upon genotoxic and oxidative stress and in turn inhibits cell proliferation and growth through induction of specific target genes. Cell growth is positively regulated by mTOR, whose ... -
p53-inducible SESTRINs might play opposite roles in the regulation of early and late stages of lung carcinogenesis.
(2019)SESTRINs (SESN1-3) are proteins encoded by an evolutionarily conserved gene family that plays an important role in the regulation of cell viability and metabolism in response to stress. Many of the effects of SESTRINs are ... -
Partial inhibition of complex I activity increases Ca2+-independent glutamate release rates from synaptosomes
(2008)Mitochondria have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders and, in particular, complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.5.3) activity has been shown to be partially reduced in ... -
Pathogen-specific T Regulatory 1 Cells Induced in the Respiratory Tract by a Bacterial Molecule that Stimulates Interleukin 10 Production by Dendritic Cells: A Novel Strategy for Evasion of Protective T Helper Type 1 Responses by Bordetella pertussis
(Rockefeller University Press, 2002)Antigen-specific T helper type 1 (Th1) cells mediate protective immunity against a range of infectious diseases, including that caused by Bordetella pertussis. Distinct T cell subtypes that secrete interleukin (IL)-10 or ... -
PDK1 regulation of mTOR and Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 integrate metabolism and migration of CD8+ T cells
(2012)mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) controls transcriptional programs that determine CD8+ cytolytic T cell (CTL) fate. In some cell systems, mTORC1 couples phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and Akt to the ... -
The peripheral cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) as a molecular target for modulating body weight in man
(2021)The cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor regulates appetite and body weight; however, unwanted central side effects of both agonists (in wasting disorders) or antagonists (in obesity and diabetes) have limited their therapeutic ... -
Persistent circulating unmetabolised folic acid in a setting of liberal voluntary folic acid fortification. Implications for further mandatory fortification?
(BioMed Central, 2009)BACKGROUND: Ireland is an example of a country that has extensive voluntary fortification with folic acid. After a public consultation process, in 2006, the Food Safety Authority in Ireland FSAI 1 recommended mandatory ... -
Personalised nutrition Genetic variation and disease risk: new advances
(Cambridge University Press, 2009)Variations in human DNA, most frequently single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), can have functional consequences ranging from severe to none. Variations in outcome (phenotype) can be compared, from cystic fibrosis through ... -
A Pertussis Outer Membrane Vesicle-Based Vaccine Induces Lung-Resident Memory CD4 T Cells and Protection against Bordetella pertussis, including Pertactin Deficient Strains
(2019)Pertussis is a respiratory infectious disease that has been resurged during the last decades. The change from the traditional multi-antigen whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines to acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines that consist ... -
Pertussis Toxin potentiates Th1 and Th2 responses to co-injected antigen: adjuvant action is associated with enhanced regulatory cytokine production and expression of the co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, B7-2 and CD28
(Oxford University Press, 1998)Pertussis toxin (PT) is a major virulence factor of Bordetella pertussis which exerts a range of effects on the immune system, including the enhancement of IgE, IgA and IgG production, delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, ... -
Pharmacological Activation of Pyruvate Kinase M2 Inhibits CD4+ T Cell Pathogenicity and Suppresses Autoimmunity
(2020)A multitude of diverse microorganisms, termed the microbiota, reside in the gut, respi-ratory tract, skin, and genital tract of humans and other animals. Recent advances inmetagenomic sequencing and bioinformatics have ... -
Phase I evaluation of intranasal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine with nontoxigenic Escherichia coli enterotoxin and novel biovector as mucosal adjuvants, using adult volunteers
(American Society for Microbiology, 2006)Trivalent influenza virus A/Duck/Singapore (H5N3), A/Panama (H3N2), and B/Guandong vaccine preparations were used in a randomized, controlled, dose-ranging phase I study. The vaccines were prepared from highly purified ... -
Phenotypic and functional changes of cytotoxic CD56pos natural T cells determine outcome of acute hepatitis C virus infection.
(2007)Innate CD56(pos) natural killer (NK) and natural T (NT) cells comprise important hepatic antiviral effector lymphocytes whose activity is fine-tuned through surface NK receptors (NKRs). Dysregulation of NKRs in patients ... -
Phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase and nutrient-sensing mTOR pathways control T lymphocyte trafficking
(Nature, 2008)Phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K) and the nutrient sensor mTOR are evolutionarily conserved regulators of cell metabolism. Here we show that PI(3)K and mTOR determined the repertoire of adhesion and chemokine ... -
Phosphoinositide (3,4,5)-triphosphate binding to phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 regulates a protein kinase B/Akt signaling threshold that dictates T-cell migration, not proliferation
(American Society for Microbiology, 2009)The present study explored the consequences of phosphoinositide (3,4,5)-triphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P(3)] binding to the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of the serine/threonine kinase 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1). ... -
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase and the mammalian target of rapamycin pathways control T cell migration.
(2010)The established role for phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5) triphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3) signaling pathways is to regulate cell metabolism. More recently it has emerged that PI(3,4,5)P3 signaling via mammalian target of rapamycin ... -
Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 controls migration and malignant transformation but not cell growth and proliferation in PTEN-null lymphocytes
(2009)In normal T cell progenitors, phosphoinositide-dependent kinase l (PDK1)-mediated phosphorylation and activation of protein kinase B (PKB) is essential for the phosphorylation and inactivation of Foxo family transcription ... -
Phosphorylation of Beta-3 adrenergic receptor at serine 247 by ERK MAP kinase drives lipolysis in obese adipocytes
(2018)Objective: The inappropriate release of free fatty acids from obese adipose tissue stores has detrimental effects on metabolism, but key molecular mechanisms controlling FFA release from adipocytes remain undefined. ... -
Plant-derived polyphenols modulate human dendritic cell metabolism and immune function via AMPK-dependent induction of heme oxygenase-1
(2019-03-01)Polyphenols are important immunonutrients which have been investigated in the context of inflammatory and autoimmune disease due to their significant immunosuppressive properties. However, the mechanism of action of many ...
