Browsing Physiology (Scholarly Publications) by Title
Now showing items 25-44 of 136
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The cannabinoid receptor type 1 is essential for mesenchymal stem cell survival and differentiation: implications for bone health.
(2013)Significant loss of bone due to trauma, underlying metabolic disease, or lack of repair due to old age surpasses the body’s endogenous bone repair mechanisms. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells which may ... -
Cardiovascular Control during Exercise in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
(2015)Controlled studies of male and female subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) of short duration (~3–5 years) show that DM reduces peak (L·min−1 and mL·kg−1·min−1) by an average of 12–15% and induces a greater slowing ... -
CD200 fusion protein decreases microglial activation in the hippocampus of aged rats
(2012)The glycoprotein, CD200, is primarily expressed on neurons and its cognate receptor CD200R is expressed principally on cells of the myeloid lineage, including microglia. The interaction of CD200 with its receptor plays a ... -
CD200 ligand receptor interaction modulates microglial activation in vivo and in vitro: a role for IL-4.
(Society for Neuroscience, 2007)Deficits in cognitive function are associated with neuroinflammatory changes, typified by activation of glial cells and an alteration of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance in the brain. Although there is ... -
The cellular protein level of Parkin is regulated by its ubiquitin-like domain
(2003)Parkin is a ubiquitin-protein isopeptide ligase (E3) involved in ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated protein degradation. Mutations in the parkin gene cause a loss-of-function and/or alter protein levels of parkin. As a result, ... -
Chronic pre-treatment with memantine prevents amyloid-beta protein-mediated long-term potentiation disruption.
(2013)Previous studies indicate that memantine, a low-affinity N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, exerted acute protective effects against amyloid-β protein-induced neurotoxicity. In the present study, the chronic effects ... -
Classical activation of microglia in CD200-deficient mice is a consequence of blood brain barrier permeability and infiltration of peripheral cells.
(2013)The interaction between CD200, expressed on several cell types, and its receptor CD200R, expressed on cells of the myeloid lineage, has been shown to be an important factor in modulating inflammation in macrophage function ... -
Consensus analysis of Signal Peptide Peptidase and homologous human aspartic proteases reveals opposite topology of catalytic domains compared to Presenilins
(2004)The human genome encodes seven intramembrane-cleaving GXGD aspartic proteases. These are the two presenilins that activate signaling molecules and are implicated in Alzheimer's disease, signal peptide peptidase (SPP), ... -
The cutaneous contribution to adaptive precision grip.
(2004)Only after injury, or perhaps prolonged exposure to cold that is sufficient to numb the fingers, do we suddenly appreciate the complex neural mechanisms that underlie our effortless dexterity in manipulating objects. The ... -
Design and synthesis of selective and potent orally active S1P5 agonists.
(2010)The immunomodulatory drug fingolimod (FTY720, 2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl]propane-1,3-diol), derived from a fungal metabolite (ISP-1, myriocin), is phosphorylated in vivo by sphingosine kinases to produce ... -
Dietary quality in a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ireland; a cross-sectional case control study
(2013)BACKGROUND: A number of dietary quality indices (DQIs) have been developed to assess the quality of dietary intake. Analysis of the intake of individual nutrients does not reflect the complexity of dietary behaviours ... -
Differential role of Dok1 and Dok2 in TLR2-induced inflammatory signaling in glia.
(2013)Accumulating evidence continues to underpin the role of the innate immune system in pathologies associated with neuroinflammation. Innate immunity is regulated by pattern recognition receptors that detect pathogens, and ... -
Dok2 mediates the CD200Fc attenuation of Aß-induced changes in glia.
(2012)Background: The interaction between the membrane glycoprotein, CD200 and its cognate receptor CD200 receptor (CD200R), has been shown to play a role in maintaining microglia in a quiescent state. There is evidence of ... -
The dual S1PR1/S1PR5 drug BAF312 (Siponimod) attenuates demyelination in organotypic slice cultures
(2016)Background BAF312 (Siponimod) is a dual agonist at the sphingosine-1 phosphate receptors, S1PR1 and S1PR5. This drug is currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis ... -
The EBI2 signalling pathway plays a role in cellular crosstalk between astrocytes and macrophages
(2016)EBI2 is a G protein-coupled receptor activated by oxysterol 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α25HC) and regulates T cell-dependant antibody response and B cell migration. We recently found EBI2 is expressed in human astrocytes, ... -
Effect of body tilt angle on fatigue and EMG activities in lower limbs during cycling
(2010)This study compared the rate of fatigue and lower limb EMG activities during high-intensity constantload cycling in upright and supine postures. Eleven active males performed seven cycling exercise tests: one upright graded ...