Differential antimicrobial peptide gene expression patterns during early chicken embryological development
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Kieran G. Meade, Rowan Higgs, Andrew T. Lloyd, Seamus Giles and Cliona O'Farrelly, Differential antimicrobial peptide gene expression patterns during early chicken embryological development, Developmental & Comparative Immunology, 33, 4, 2009, 516-524Download Item:
Abstract:
The adaptive immune system is not completely developed when chickens hatch, so the innate immune
system has evolved a range of mechanisms to deal with early pathogenic assault. Avian b-defensins
(AvBDs) and cathelicidins (CTHLs) are two major sub-classes of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with a
fundamental role in both innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, we demonstrate distinct
expression patterns of innate immune genes including ? Toll-like receptors (TLRs) (TLR2, TLR15 and
TLR21, but not TLR4), the complete repertoire of AvBDs, CTHLs and both pro- and anti-inflammatory
cytokines (IL1B, IL8, IFNG and IL10) during early chicken embryonic development. AvBD9 was significantly
increased by over 150 fold at day 9; and AvBD10 was increased by over 100 fold at day 12 in the abdomen
of the embryo, relative to day 3 expression levels (P < 0.01). In contrast, AvBD14 was preferentially
expressed in the head of the embryo. This is the first study to demonstrate differential patterns of AMP
gene expression in the sterile environment of the developing embryo. Our results propose novel roles for
AMPs during development and reveal the innate preparedness of developing embryos for pathogenic
assault in ovo, or post-hatching
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Author: O'FARRELLY, CLIONA; LLOYD, ANDREW THOMAS
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Developmental & Comparative Immunology33
4
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