Browsing Zoology (Scholarly Publications) by Date of Publication
Now showing items 41-60 of 129
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Soil-transmitted helminth infections in Nigerian children aged 0-25 months
(2009)The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) in children aged 0?25 months and to identify the associated risk factors for Ascaris lumbricoides ... -
What factors shape rates of phenotypic evolution? A comparative study of cranial morphology of four mammalian clades
(2009)Understanding why rates of morphological evolution vary is a major goal in evolutionary biology. Classical work suggests that body size, interspecific competition, geographic range size and specialisation may all be ... -
Predisposition to ascariasis: patterns, mechanisms and implications
(2009)Ascaris lumbricoides, the human roundworm, is a remarkably infectious and persistent parasite. It is a member of the soil-transmitted helminths or geohelminths and infects in the order of 1472 million people worldwide. ... -
Impacts of inbreeding on bumblebee colony fitness under field conditions
(BioMed Central, 2009)BACKGROUND: Inbreeding and the loss of genetic diversity are known to be significant threats to small, isolated populations. Hymenoptera represent a special case regarding the impact of inbreeding. Haplodiploidy may permit ... -
Dose-dependent impact of larval Ascaris suum on host body weight in the mouse model
(2009)Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaris suum are important helminth parasites of humans and pigs, respectively. Although it is now well established that the presence of mature adult worms in the host intestine contributes to ... -
Gene expression analysis of canonical Wnt pathway transcriptional regulators during early morphogenesis of the facial region in the mouse embryo
(University of Edinburgh (datashare), 2009)Structures and features of the face, throat and neck are formed from a series of branchial arches that grow out along the ventrolateral aspect of the embryonic head. Multiple signaling pathways have been implicated in ... -
Patterns of soil-transmitted helminth infection and impact of four-monthly albendazole treatments in preschool children from semi-urban communities in Nigeria: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomised trial.
(2009)BACKGROUND: Children aged between one and five years are particularly vulnerable to disease caused by soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Periodic deworming has been shown to improve growth, micronutrient status (iron and ... -
Development of an in vitro culture method for cells and tissues from the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha)
(Springer, 2009)Despite the successful transfer of mammalian in vitro techniques for use with fish and other vertebrates, little progress has been made in the area of invertebrate tissue culture. This paper describes the development of ... -
Genetic influence on the kinetics and associated pathology of the early stage (intestinal-hepatic) migration of Ascaris suum in mice
(2010)The generative mechanism(s) of aggregation and predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides and A. suum infections in their host population are currently unknown and difficult to elucidate in humans and pigs for ethical/logistical ... -
Developing bones are differentially affected by compromised skeletal muscle formation
(University of Edinburgh (datashare), 2010)Mechanical forces are essential for normal adult bone function and repair, but the impact of prenatal muscle contractions on bone development remains to be explored in depth in mammalian model systems. In this study, we ... -
Impact of repeated four-monthly anthelmintic treatment on Plasmodium infection in preschool children: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial
(2010)Background: Helminth infections can alter susceptibility to malaria. Studies need to determine whether or not deworming programs can impact on Plasmodium infections in preschool children. Methods: A double-blind ... -
Do differences in the administrative structure of populations confound comparisons of geographic health inequalities?
(2010)Background: Geographical health inequalities are naturally described by the variation in health outcomes between areas (e.g. mortality rates). However, comparisons made between countries are hampered by our lack ... -
Phylogenetic comparative approaches for studying niche conservatism
(2010)Analyses of phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC) are becoming increasingly common. However, each analysis makes subtly different assumptions about the evolutionary mechanism that generates patterns of niche conservatism. ... -
Body size evolution in mammals: complexity in tempo and mode
(University of Chicago Press, 2010)Body size correlates with virtually every aspect of species? biology, so understanding the tempo and mode of its evolution is of key importance in macroecology and macroevolution. Here we use body-mass data from 3473 of ... -
Identification of a high diversity of Cryptosporidium species, genotypes and subtypes in a Nigerian Pediatric Population
(2010)A longitudinal study was conducted to determine the epidemiology of Cryptosporidium in 1,636 children in Nigeria. Oocyst prevalence ranged from 15.6% to 19.6% over one year. Cryptosporidium hominis (34), C. parvum (25), ... -
Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis (cIAP1) is down-regulated during retinal ganglion cell (RGC) maturation.
(Elsevier, 2010)Apoptosis, is the main type of cell death that occurs in ageing and neurodegenerative disease, such as glaucoma. This study therefore characterises the expression profile of caspases (pro-apoptosis) and inhibitors of ... -
Contamination of the hair of owned dogs with the eggs of Toxocara spp
(2010)Toxocara canis is one of the most common gastrointestinal helminthes of dogs. Humans can become infected through ingestion of infective eggs, Infection often causes few symptoms but in rare cases blindness can occur. It ... -
Biophysical stimuli induced by passive movements compensate for lack of skeletal muscle during embryonic skeletogenesis
(University of Edinburgh (datashare), 2011)In genetically modified mice with abnormal skeletal muscle development, bones and joints are differentially affected by the lack of skeletal muscle.We hypothesise that unequal levels of biophysical stimuli in the ... -
Sporadic Cryptosporidium infection in Nigerian children: Risk factors with species identification
(2011)A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate risk factors for sporadic Cryptosporidium infection in a paediatric population in Nigeria. Of 692 children, 134 (19?4%) were infected with Cryptosporidium oocysts. ... -
Investigating the underlying mechanism of resistance to Ascaris infection
(2011)The generative mechanism(s) of predisposition to Ascaris infection are currently unknown. While many factors play a role in interindividual infection intensity, much focus has been placed on the host's immunological response ...