Browsing Biochemistry (Scholarly Publications) by Sponsor "Wellcome Trust"
Now showing items 1-20 of 29
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Acute Inflammation Alters Brain Energy Metabolism in Mice and Humans: Role in Suppressed Spontaneous Activity, Impaired Cognition, and Delirium
(2020)Systemic infection triggers a spectrum of metabolic and behavioral changes, collectively termed sickness behavior, which while adaptive, can affect mood and cognition. In vulnerable individuals, acute illness can also ... -
Acute transient cognitive dysfunction and acute brain injury induced by systemic inflammation occur by dissociable IL-1-dependent mechanisms
(2018)Systemic inflammation can impair cognition with relevance to dementia, delirium and post-operative cognitive dysfunction. Episodes of delirium also contribute to rates of long-term cognitive decline, implying that these ... -
Altered Expression of Caspases-4 and -5 during Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer - Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential.
(2015)Caspases are a group of proteolytic enzymes involved in the co-ordination of cellular processes, including cellular homeostasis, inflammation and apoptosis. Altered activity of caspases, particularly caspase-1, has ... -
At the extreme end of the psychoneuroimmunological spectrum: delirium as a maladaptive sickness behaviour response
(2013)Delirium is a common and severe neuropsychiatric syndrome characterised by acute deterioration and fluctuations in mental status. It is precipitated mainly by acute illness, trauma, surgery, or drugs. Delirium affects ... -
Atypical disease after Bordetella pertussis respiratory infection of mice with targeted disruptions in Interferon- Receptor or Immunoglobulin ? Chain Genes
(The Rockefeller University Press, 1997)Using a murine respiratory challenge model we have previously demonstrated a role for Th1 cells in natural immunity against Bordetella pertussis, but could not rule out a role for antibody. Here we have demonstrated that ... -
CD4+ T-lymphocyte telomere length is related to fibrosis stage, clinical outcome and treatment response in chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
(Elsevier, 2010)BACKGROUND & AIMS: Increasing age is associated with impaired immune function and in chronic HCV infection specifically, with progressive fibrosis, liver failure, HCC and impaired responses to antiviral therapy. T-lymphocyte ... -
Characterization of two protein disulphide iosmerases from the endocytic pathway of Trypanosoma brucei
(American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2005)Proteins from the endocytic pathway in bloodstream forms of Trypanosome brucei are modified by the addition of linear poly-N-acetyllactosamine side chains, which permits their isolation by tomato lectin affinity chromatography. ... -
Coupling of lysosomal and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization in trypanolysis by APOL1.
(2015)Humans resist infection by the African parasite Trypanosoma brucei owing to the trypanolytic activity of the serum apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1). Following uptake by endocytosis in the parasite, APOL1 forms pores in ... -
A differential role for actin in the life cycle of T. brucei.
(Nature Publishing Group, 2004)Actin is expressed at similar levels but in different locations in bloodstream and procyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei. In bloodstream forms actin colocalizes with the highly polarized endocytic pathway, whereas in ... -
Exacerbation of CNS inflammation and neurodegeneration by systemic LPS treatment is independent of circulating IL-1 beta and IL-6
(2011)Abstract: Background: Chronic neurodegeneration comprises an inflammatory response but its contribution to the progression of disease remains unclear. We have previously shown that microglial cells are primed by chronic ... -
Fasciola hepatica suppresses a protective Th1 response against Bordetella pertussis
(The American Society for Microbiology, 1999)Fasciolosis, like other helminth infections, is associated with the induction of T-cell responses polarized to the Th2 subtype. Respiratory infection with Bordetella pertussis or immunization with a pertussis whole-cell ... -
Identification and Characterization of a Stage Specific Membrane Protein Involved in Flagellar Attachment in Trypanosoma brucei
(2013)Flagellar attachment is a visibly striking morphological feature of African trypanosomes but little is known about the requirements for attachment at a molecular level. This study characterizes a previously undescribed ... -
Interdependent and independent roles of type I interferons and IL-6 in innate immune, neuroinflammatory and sickness behaviour responses to systemic poly I: C
(2015)Type I interferons (IFN-I) are expressed in the brain during many inflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions and have multiple effects on CNS function. IFN-I is readily induced in the brain by systemic administration ... -
Macrophage fumarate hydratase restrains mtRNA-mediated interferon production.
(Springer Nature, 2023-03-08)Metabolic rewiring underlies the effector functions of macrophages, but the mechanisms involved remain incompletely defined. Here, using unbiased metabolomics and stable isotope-assisted tracing, we show that an inflammatory ... -
Metabolic but not transcriptional regulation by PKM2 is important for Natural Killer cell responses
(2020)Natural Killer (NK) cells have an important role in immune responses to viruses and tumours. Integrating changes in signal transduction pathways and cellular metabolism is essential for effective NK cells responses. The ... -
Metabolic reprogramming during the Trypanosoma brucei life cycle
(2017)Cellular metabolic activity is a highly complex, dynamic, regulated process that is influenced by numerous factors, including extracellular environmental signals, nutrient availability and the physiological and developmental ... -
A murine model in which protection correlates with pertussis vaccine efficacy in children demonstrates complementary roles for humoral and cell mediated immunity in protection against Bordetella pertussis
(American Society for Microbiology, 1998)The results of phase 3 efficacy trials have shown that acellular and whole-cell pertussis vaccines can confer protection against whooping cough. However, despite the advances in vaccine development, clinical trials have ... -
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Cognitive Function: Are Prostaglandins at the Heart of Cognitive Impairment in Dementia and Delirium ?
(2012)Studies of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in rheumatoid arthritis imply that inflammation is important in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, these drugs have not alleviated the symptoms ... -
Pathogen-specific T Regulatory 1 Cells Induced in the Respiratory Tract by a Bacterial Molecule that Stimulates Interleukin 10 Production by Dendritic Cells: A Novel Strategy for Evasion of Protective T Helper Type 1 Responses by Bordetella pertussis
(Rockefeller University Press, 2002)Antigen-specific T helper type 1 (Th1) cells mediate protective immunity against a range of infectious diseases, including that caused by Bordetella pertussis. Distinct T cell subtypes that secrete interleukin (IL)-10 or ...