Greasing the path to BAX/BAK activation

Abstract

BAX/BAK activation leading to mitochondrial outer-membrane permeabilization is a key commitment point in apoptosis. Chipuk et al. now identify two sphingolipids as specific cofactors for BAX/BAK activation that lower the threshold for apoptosis-associated cytochrome c release. Association of mitochondria with other cellular membrane compartments is required for BAK/BAX exposure to these sphingolipids.