The Mental Health Impact of Aphasia: Risk Factors and Moderating Factors

Abstract

Previous studies have found associations between aphasia and reduced mood and quality of life outcomes. This study aimed to examine the effects of aphasia type and severity on mood and anxiety levels, and assess the impact of social support, quality of life, cognitive reserve, time and change since onset, support group attendance, and age and gender. The quantitative study included 23 participants (mean age: 50.5 years; age range: 31-67 years; 12 male and 11 female) who had been diagnosed with aphasia following an acquired brain injury and had suffered symptoms for at least six months. Five of these participants (mean age: 52.8 years; 2 male and 3 female) were also included in a semi-structured qualitative interview. It was found that 14 participants had PHQ-9 scores suggestive of possible depression and 12 participants had Beck Anxiety Inventory scores suggestive of possible clinical anxiety, however aphasia subtype and severity did not have a significant impact on these findings. The degree of improvement in symptoms since onset was found to have a significant negative correlation with depression scores (r = ?.353; p = .049), and the level of social support received was found to be greater for those with more severe aphasia (r = ?.365; p = .047). Qualitative results are discussed under the categories of practical and emotional challenges (including feelings of loss, and difficulty communicating in unfamiliar circumstances), and helpful and adaptive strategies (including hobbies and interests, and personal resilience and determination). Findings are discussed and recommendations are made for future research in the area.