The interaction of incident laser radiation and sample substrate is complex and difficult to predict. Natural zircons are often both structurally and chemically heterogeneous in 3-dimensional space. Encountering growth-related, ...

The replacement of sulfate minerals by calcium carbonate polymorphs (carbonation) has important implications in various geological processes occurring in Earth surface environments. In this paper we report the results of ...

The direct crystallization of dolomite from an aqueous solution at temperatures between 60–220 °C was followed in situ through time-resolved synchrotron-based energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction combined with offline ...

Flooding sandstone oil reservoirs with low salinity water can lead to a significant increase in oil recovery, a phenomenon called “the low salinity effect”. Although there are many factors that contribute to this response, ...

Nanocrystalline iron sulfides form in diverse anoxic environments. The initial precipitate is commonly referred to as nanocrystalline mackinawite (FeS) or amorphous FeS. In order to better understand the structure of the ...

Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) and vaterite are not very common in abiotic systems, but they play a very significant role in biomineralization processes and are key in the global carbon cycle. Despite their importance, ...

The crystallization of hexagonal NdCO3OH through hydrothermal synthesis carried out at slow (reaching the desired temperature within 100 min) and quick (50 min) rates of heating but at variable temperatures (165–220ºC) are ...

Bacterial contamination of karst groundwater is a major concern for public health. Artificial tracing studies are crucial for establishing links between locations where pollutants can rapidly reach the aquifer systems ...

The sources and nature of organic carbon on Mars have been a subject of intense research. Steele et al. (2012) showed that 10 martian meteorites contain macromolecular carbon phases contained within pyroxene- and olivine-hosted ...

Magnesium and sulfate are each known to affect calcite growth and dissolution, but little is known about their combined effects on calcite growth rates. We grew calcite using the constant composition approach at ambient ...