Volcanic activity at Phlegraean Fields, Italy, produced several major marker tephras over a 50 ka period. The caldera forming eruptions of the Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) and Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) are of particular ...

Infrared spectra of C–O–H micro-inclusions were collected from a micro-inclusion bearing diamond during step-heating and freezing experiments to examine fluid speciation as a function of pressure and temperature. The ...

Peridotites from the thick roots of Archaean cratons are known for their compositional diversity, whose origin remains debated. We report thermodynamic modelling results for reactions between peridotite and ascending mantle ...

We present a structural update to the thermodynamic model for calculating peridotite phase relations and melt compositions at 0·01 to 60 kbar and from 600 °C to the peridotite liquidus in the system K2O–Na2O–CaO–FeO–MgO– ...

Advancements in scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) technologies have reached the point where rapid, fully quantitative, non-destructive and high-resolution acquisition of effectively ...

Efforts to date the oldest modern human fossils in eastern Africa, from Omo-Kibish and Herto in Ethiopia, have drawn on a variety of chronometric evidence, including 40Ar/39Ar ages of stratigraphically associated tuffs. ...

Unravelling the generation of compositionally and thermally zoned magma reservoirs is important to our understanding of the dynamic processes operating in magmatic systems. Here, we present new major and trace element data ...

The most outstanding features of Archaean cratons are their extraordinary thickness and enduring longevity. Seismically, Archaean cratonic fragments are sharply-bounded deep roots of mechanically strong, cold lithospheric ...

We document the compositions of co-existing silicate macro-inclusions and fluid micro-inclusions in the fibrous coats of eight coated diamonds from the Panda kimberlite (Canada). The mineral inclusions in the diamond coats ...

Many Quaternary silicic volcanoes in the Main Ethiopian Rift pose a potential risk due to the poorly known eruptive histories of the volcanoes in combination with a high population density. In this study we provide new ...