Browsing School of Biochemistry & Immunology by Title
Now showing items 747-766 of 1013
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Queuine micronutrient deficiency promotes warburg metabolism and reversal of the mitochondrial ATP synthase in hela cells
(2020)ueuine is a eukaryotic micronutrient, derived exclusively from eubacteria. It is incorporated into both cytosolic and mitochondrial transfer RNA to generate a queuosine nucleotide at position 34 of the anticodon loop. The ... -
Queuosine deficiency in eukaryotes compromises tyrosine production through increased tetrahydrobiopterin oxidation.
(2011)Queuosine is a modified pyrrolopyrimidine nucleoside found in the anticodon loop of transfer RNA acceptors for the amino acids tyrosine, asparagine, aspartic acid, and histidine. Since it is exclusively synthesised by ... -
Queuosine formation in eukaryotic tRNA occurs via a mitochondrial localized heteromeric transglycoslase.
(2009)tRNA guanine transglycosylase (TGT) enzymes are responsible for the formation of queuosine in the anticodon loop (position 34) of tRNAAsp, tRNAAsn, tRNAHis, and tRNATyr; an almost universal event in eubacterial and eukaryotic ... -
Rab32 interacts with SNX6 and affects retromer-dependent Golgi trafficking
(2019)The Rab family of small GTPases regulate various aspects of cellular dynamics in eukaryotic cells. Membrane trafficking has emerged as central to the functions of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), which is associated ... -
Rab39a binds caspase-1 and is required for caspase-1-dependent il-1{beta} secretion
(2009)IL-1? is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by unconventional means in a caspase-1-dependent manner. Using a one-step immunoprecipitation approach to isolate endogenous caspase-1 from the monocytic ... -
Rac1 regulates interleukin 1-induced nuclear factor kappaB activation in an inhibitory protein kappaBalpha-independent manner by enhancing the ability of the p65 subunit to transactivate gene expression
(American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2000)We have examined the involvement of Rac1 in nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) activation by interleukin 1 (IL1). IL1 induced a rapid and sustained activation of Rac1 in the thymoma cell line EL4.NOB-1. Transient transfection ... -
Raising the bar in anticancer therapy:recent advances in, and perspectives on, telomerase inhibitors
(2019)Telomerase is a ribonucleic reverse transcriptase enzyme that uses an integral RNA component as a template to add tandem telomeric DNA repeats, TTAGGG, at the 3′ end of the chromosomes. 85–90% of human tumors and their ... -
Ras participates in the activation of p38 MAPK by interleukin-1 by associating with IRAK, IRAK2, TRAF6, and TAK-1
(American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2002)Interleukin-1 (IL-1) activates p38 MAP kinase via the small G protein Ras, and this activity can be down-regulated by another small G protein Rap. Here we have further investigated the role of Ras and Rap in p38 MAPK ... -
Rational discovery of second generation anti-cancer ligands
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2008)Recently, a novel series of Pyrrolo-1,5-BenzOXazepine (PBOX) compounds have shown apoptotic activity upon numerous cancer cell lines. Importantly, they have been suggested as potential antineoplastic agents in particular ... -
Re-evaluating the Role of SARM1 as a Transcriptional Regulator Using Improved Genome-Edited Mouse Models
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)SARM1 is an ancient and highly conserved protein, initially described as having functions in innate immunity. In the last decade, our understanding of SARM1 structure and function expanded rapidly. The majority of research ... -
Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions
(2021)Reactive astrocytes are astrocytes undergoing morphological, molecular, and functional remodeling in response to injury, disease, or infection of the CNS. Although this remodeling was first described over a century ago, ... -
Recent advances in regulatory T cell therapy of autoimmunity, graft rejection and cancer
(2010)Since their initial discover in the 1970s and their subsequent resurgence in the mid 1990s, regulatory T (Treg) cells have become one of the most studied cell subsets. Treg cells prevent autoimmunity and limit aggressive ... -
Recent insights into the role of Toll-like receptors in viral infection.
(2010)Toll-like receptors have a central role in innate immunity as they detect conserved pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on a range of microbes including viruses, leading to innate immune activation and ... -
Recognition of herpesviruses by the innate immune system
(2011)Advances in innate immunity over the past decade have revealed distinct classes of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that detect pathogens at the cell surface and in intracellular compartments. This has shed light on ... -
Recombinant BCG expressing LTAK63 adjuvant induces superior protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(2017)In order to develop an improved BCG vaccine against tuberculosis we have taken advantage of the adjuvant properties of a non-toxic derivative of Escherichia coli heat labile enterotoxin (LT), LTAK63. We have constructed ... -
Recommendations for terminology and databases for biochemical thermodynamics
(Elsevier, 2011)Chemical equations are normally written in terms of specific ionic and elemental species and balance atoms of elements and electric charge. However, in a biochemical context it is usually better to write them with ionic ... -
The reduced folate carrier (SLC19A1) c.80G>A polymorphism is associated with red cell folate concentrations among women.
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2009)Low folate status may be a consequence of suboptimal intake, transport or cellular utilization of folate and, together with elevated homocysteine, is a recognized risk factor or marker for several human pathologies. As ...
