Browsing by Author "GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK"
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Activation and deactivation during the rapid visual information processing task: an fMRI study.
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (MIT Press, 2003)Sustained attention deficits occur in several neuropsychi- atric disorders. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are still incompletely understood. To that end, functional MRI was used to investigate ... -
Acute effects of cocaine on the neurobiology of cognitive control
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (Royal Society Publishing, 2008)Compromised ability to exert control over drug urges and drug-seeking behaviour is a characteristic of addiction. One specific cognitive control function, impulse control, has been shown to be a risk factor for the development ... -
The Anterior Cingulate and Error Avoidance
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (Society for Neuroscience, 2006)The precise role of the anterior cingulate cortex in monitoring, evaluating, and correcting behavior remains unclear despite numerous theories and much empirical data implicating it in cognitive control. The present ... -
Are auditory-evoked frequency and duration mismatch negativity (MMN) deficits endophenotypic for schizophrenia? High-density electrical mapping in clinically unaffected first-degree relatives, recent-onset and chronic schizophrenia
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (Elsevier, 2008)Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a negative-going event-related potential (ERP) component that occurs in response to intermittent changes in constant auditory backgrounds. A consistent finding across a large number of studies ... -
Automaticity and re-establishment of executive control, an fMRI study
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (MIT Press, 2006)The ability to exert control over automatic behavior is of particular importance as it allows us to interrupt our behavior when the automatic response is no longer adequate or even dangerous. However, despite the ... -
Avoiding another mistake: Error and posterror neural activity associated with adaptive posterror behavior change
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (Psychonomic Society, 2007)The magnitude of posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC) activity during commission of an error has been shown to relate to adaptive posterror changes in response behavior on the trial immediately following. In the present ... -
Boys do it the right way: Sex-dependent amygdala lateralization during face processing in adolescents
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (2011)Previous studies have observed a sex-dependent lateralization of amygdala activation related to emotional memory. Specifically, it was shown that the activity of the right amygdala correlates significantly stronger with ... -
Cingulate hypoactivity in cocaine users during a GO/NOGO task as revealed by event-related fMRI.
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (Society for Neuroscience, 2003)Although extensive evidence exists for the reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse such as cocaine, relatively less research has addressed the functional neuroanatomical correlates of the cognitive sequelae of these ... -
Cocaine dependence and attention switching within and between verbal and visuospatial working memory
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (Wiley Blackwell, 2005)Many studies have shown the negative effects of cocaine on neuropsychological and cognitive performance in drug-dependent individuals, but little is known about the underlying neuroanatomy of these dysfunctions. The present ... -
Comparability of functional MRI response in young and old during inhibition
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, 2004)AB When using fMRI to study age-related cognitive changes, it is important to establish the integrity of the hemodynamic response because, potentially, it can be affected by age and disease. However, there have been few ... -
Cue-induced cocaine craving: Neuroanatomical specificity for drug users and drug stimuli.
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (American Psychiatric Publishing, 2000)OBJECTIVE: Cocaine-related cues have been hypothesized to perpetuate drug abuse by inducing a craving response that prompts drug-seeking behavior. However, the mechanisms, underlying neuroanatomy, and specificity of this ... -
Deriving the optimal number of events for an event-related fMRI study based on the spatial extent of activation
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (Elsevier, 2005)Event-related fMRI is a powerful tool for localising psychological functions to specific brain areas. However, the number of events required to produce stable activation maps is a poorly investigated and understood problem. ... -
Differences in "bottom-up" and "top-down" neural activity in current and former cigarette smokers: Evidence for neural substrates which may promote nicotine abstinence through increased cognitive control
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK; MC CABE, ELLA (2011)Drug-related stimuli, through conditioning, are thought to acquire incentive motivational properties that code possible reward availability and elicit an attentional bias, possibly through increased "bottom-up" neural ... -
Dissociable mechanisms of cognitive control in human prefrontal cortex
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (The American Physiological Society, 2007)Intelligent behavior depends on the ability to suppress inappropriate actions and resolve interference between competing responses. Recent clinical and neuroimaging evidence has demonstrated the involvement of prefrontal, ... -
Do antisaccade deficits in schizophrenia provide evidence of a specific inhibitory function?
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK; ROBERTSON, IAN; CORVIN, AIDEN PETER; MORRIS, DEREK WILLIAMS; DONOHOE, GARY (JAMES) (Cambridge University Press, 2006)Background: Despite its inhibitory control requirements, antisaccade deficits have been consistently associated with working memory impairments in schizophrenia. We investigated whether variance in antisaccade per formance ... -
Early Visual Processing Deficits in Dysbindin-Associated Schizophrenia,
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK; ROBERTSON, IAN (Elsevier, 2008)Background: Variation at the dysbindin gene (DTNBP1) has been associated with increased risk for schizophrenia in numerous independent samples and recently with deficits in general and domain-specific cognitive processing. ... -
Early visual sensory deficits as endophenotypes for schizophrenia: high-density electrical mapping in clinically unaffected first-degree relatives
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (Amercian Medical Association, 2006) -
The effect of the neurogranin schizophrenia risk variant rs12807809 on brain structure and function.
MORRIS, DEREK; MC GRATH, JANE; ROBERTSON, IAN H; NEWELL, FIONA; O'DOHERTY, JOHN PHILIP; GILL, MICHAEL; TROPEA, DANIELA; DONOHOE, GARY (JAMES); CORVIN, AIDEN PETER; GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK; BOKDE, ARUN LAWRENCE WARREN (2012)A single nucleotide polymorphism rs12807809 located upstream of the neurogranin (NRGN) gene has been identified as a risk variant for schizophrenia in recent genome-wide association studies. To date, there has been little ... -
Executive `brake failure? following deactivation of human frontal lobe
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (MIT Press, 2006)In the course of daily living, humans frequently encounter situations in which a motor activity, once initiated, becomes unnecessary or inappropriate. Under such circumstances, the ability to inhibit motor responses ... -
Experimental Design
GARAVAN, HUGH PATRICK (Humana Press, 2009)Non-invasive functional neuroimaging techniques enable researchers to study the neurobiological substrates of psychological processes. The increasingly large body of neuroimaging research has two fundamental purposes. ...