Browsing by Subject "Neuroscience"
Now showing items 1-20 of 545
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2012 - That was the year that was
(2013)Geriatric medicine has an encyclopaedic sweep, reflecting the complexity of both the ageing process and of our patient group. Keeping up with, and making sense of, the relevant scientific literature is challenging, especially ... -
23. Lessons of ALS imaging: Pitfalls and future directions - A critical review.
(2014)Stereotypical shortcomings can be identified in ALS neuroimaging studies. • A systematic discussion of ALS study limitations is particularly timely. • Individual patient data meta-analyses and multicentre ... -
α-TLR2 antibody attenuates the Aβ-mediated inflammatory response in microglia through enhanced expression of SIGIRR.
(2015)The immunoregulatory function of single-Ig-interleukin-1 related receptor (SIGIRR) is derived from its ability to constrain the inflammatory consequences of interleukin (IL)-1R and toll-like receptor (TLR)4 activation. ... -
A46R and A52R from vaccinia virus are antagonists of host IL-1 and toll-like receptor signaling
(2000)Poxviruses employ many strategies to evade and neutralize the host immune response. In this study, we have identified two vaccinia virus ORFs, termed A46R and A52R, that share amino acid sequence similarity with the Toll/IL-1 ... -
Ab initio study of electron transport in dry poly(G)-poly(C) A-DNA strands
(2010)The bias-dependent transport properties of short poly (G)-poly(C) A-DNA strands attached to Au electrodes are investigated with first-principles electronic-transport methods. By using the nonequilibrium Green's function ... -
Accurately assessing the risk of schizophrenia conferred by rare copy-number variation affecting genes with brain function.
(2010)Investigators have linked rare copy number variation (CNVs) to neuropsychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia. One hypothesis is that CNV events cause disease by affecting genes with specific brain functions. Under these ... -
Activation of biliverdin-IXα reductase by inorganic phosphate and related anions
(2007)The effect of pH on the initial-rate kinetic behaviour of BVR-A (biliverdin-IX? reductase) exhibits an alkaline optimum with NADPH as cofactor, but a neutral optimum with NADH as cofactor. This has been described as dual ... -
Activation of mixed glia by A-beta-specific Th1 and Th17 cells and its regulation by Th2 cells
(2010)Microglia are innate immune cells of the CNS, that act as antigen-presenting cells (APC) for antigen-specific T cells and respond to inflammatory stimuli, such as amyloid-beta (A?), resulting in the release of neurotoxic ... -
Activation of p38 plays a pivotal role in the inhibitory effect of lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-1beta-induced inhibition of long-term potentiation in rat dentate gyrus
(2003)Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, has been shown to induce profound changes both peripherally and centrally. It has recently been reported that intraperitoneal injection of ... -
Acute Inflammation Alters Brain Energy Metabolism in Mice and Humans: Role in Suppressed Spontaneous Activity, Impaired Cognition, and Delirium
(2020)Systemic infection triggers a spectrum of metabolic and behavioral changes, collectively termed sickness behavior, which while adaptive, can affect mood and cognition. In vulnerable individuals, acute illness can also ... -
Acute neuroinflammation, sickness behavior and working memory responses to acute systemic LPS challenge following noradrenergic lesion in mice
(2021)Locus coeruleus (LC)-derived noradrenaline is important in cognition and decreases with age, but the impact of prior noradrenaline deficiency on vulnerability to inflammation-induced acute cognitive dysfunction is ... -
Aerobic exercise improves hippocampal function and increases BDNF in the serum of young adult males
(2011)Physical activity has been reported to improve cognitive function in humans and rodents, possibly via a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-regulated mechanism. In this study of human subjects, we have assessed the ... -
The aesthetic and cultural pursuits of patients with stroke
(2013)Background: There has been an increasing interest in the arts in health care, with a suggestion that the arts and aesthetics can augment patient outcomes in stroke and other illnesses. Designing such programmes requires ... -
The age- and amyloid-beta-related increases in Nogo B contribute to microglial activation
(2011)The family of reticulons include 3 isoforms of the Nogo protein, Nogo A, Nogo B and Nogo C. Nogo A is expressed on neuronal tissue and its primary effect is widely acknowledged to be inhibition of neurite outgrowth. Although ... -
Age-related changes in the hippocampus (loss of synaptophysin and glial-synaptic interaction) are modified by systemic treatment with an NCAM-derived peptide, FGL
(2012)Altered synaptic morphology, progressive loss of synapses and glial (astrocyte and microglial) cell activation are considered as characteristic hallmarks of ageing. Recent evidence suggests that there is a concomitant ... -
The age-related deficit in LTP is associated with changes in perfusion and blood-brain barrier permeability.
(2012)In view of the increase in the aging population and the unavoidable parallel increase in the incidence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, a key challenge in neuroscience is the identification of clinical signatures ... -
Age-related neuroinflammatory changes negatively impact on neuronal function.
(2010)Neuroinflammatory changes, characterized by an increase in microglial activation and often accompanied by upregulation of inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1? (IL-1?), are common to many, if not all, neurodegenerative ...