Multifunctional specificity of the protein C/activated protein C Gla domain.
Citation:
Preston, RJ, Ajzner, E, Razzari, C, Karageorgi, S, Dua, S, Dahlback, B, Lane, DA, Multifunctional specificity of the protein C/activated protein C Gla domain., The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 281, 39, 2006, 28850 - 28857Download Item:
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Abstract:
Activated protein C (APC) has potent anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties that are mediated in part by its interactions with its cofactor protein S and the endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR). The protein C/APC Gla domain is implicated in both interactions. We sought to identify how the protein C Gla domain enables specific protein-protein interactions in addition to its conserved role in phospholipid binding. The human prothrombin Gla domain, which cannot bind EPCR or support protein S cofactor activity, has 22/45 residues that are not shared with the human protein C Gla domain. We hypothesized that the unique protein C/APC Gla domain residues were responsible for mediating the specific interactions. To assess this, we generated 13 recombinant protein C/APC variants incorporating the prothrombin residue substitutions. Despite anticoagulant activity similar to wild-type APC in the absence of protein S, APC variants APC(PT33-39) (N33S/V34S/D35T/D36A/L38D/A39V) and APC(PT36/38/39) (D36A/L38D/A39V) were not stimulated by protein S, whereas APC(PT35/36) (D35T/D36A) exhibited reduced protein S sensitivity. Moreover, PC(PT8/10) (L8V/H10K) displayed negligible EPCR affinity, despite normal binding to anionic phospholipid vesicles and factor Va proteolysis in the presence and absence of protein S. A single residue variant, PC(PT8), also failed to bind EPCR. Factor VIIa, which also possesses Leu-8, bound soluble EPCR with similar affinity to wild-type protein C, collectively confirming Leu-8 as the critical residue for EPCR recognition. These results reveal the specific Gla domain residues responsible for mediating protein C/APC molecular recognition with both its cofactor and receptor and further illustrate the multifunctional potential of Gla domains.
Sponsor
Grant Number
British Heart Foundation (BHF)
Author's Homepage:
http://people.tcd.ie/prestonrDescription:
PUBLISHED
Author: PRESTON, ROGER
Publisher:
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyType of material:
Journal ArticleCollections:
Series/Report no:
The Journal of Biological Chemistry;281;
39;
Availability:
Full text availableKeywords:
Clinical medicine, Hematology, Gla domainsLicences: