Infiltration of Th1 and Th17 cells and activation of microglia in the CNS during the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
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2010Citation:
Murphy, AC, Lalor, SJ, Lynch, MA and Mills, KH, Infiltration of Th1 and Th17 cells and activation of microglia in the CNS during the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 24, 4, 2010, 598-607Download Item:
Infiltration of Th1 and Th17 cells and activation of microglia in the CNS during the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.pdf (Published (publisher's copy) - Peer Reviewed) 643.7Kb
Abstract:
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a mouse model for multiple sclerosis, where disease is mediated by autoantigen-specific T cells. Although there is evidence linking CD4+ T cells that secrete IL-17, termed Th17 cells, and IFN-?-secreting Th1 cells with the pathogenesis of EAE, the precise contribution of these T cell subtypes or their associated cytokines is still unclear. We have investigated the infiltration of CD4+ T cells that secrete IFN-?, IL-17 or both cytokines into CNS during development of EAE and have examined the role of T cells in microglial activation. Our findings demonstrate that Th17 cells and CD4+ T cells that produce both IFN-? and IL-17, which we have called Th1/Th17 cells, infiltrate the brain prior to the development of clinical symptoms of EAE and that this coincides with activation of CD11b+ microglia and local production of IL-1?, TNF-? and IL-6 in the CNS. In contrast, significant infiltration of Th1 cells was only detected after the development of clinical disease. Co-culture experiments, using mixed glia and MOG-specific T cells, revealed that T cells that secreted IFN-? and IL-17 were potent activators of pro-inflammatory cytokines but T cells that secrete IFN-?, but not IL-17, were less effective. In contrast both Th1 and Th1/Th17 cells enhanced MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecule expression on microglia. Our findings suggest that T cells which secrete IL-17 or IL-17 and IFN-? infiltrate the CNS prior to the onset of clinical symptoms of EAE, where they may mediate CNS inflammation, in part, through microglial activation.
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Health Research Board (HRB)
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http://people.tcd.ie/millskhttp://people.tcd.ie/lynchma
http://people.tcd.ie/lalorst
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Brain, Behavior, and Immunity24
4
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Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Th1 cells, Th17 cells, IFN-?, IL-17, Microglia, inflammatory cytokine, multiple sclerosisSubject (TCD):
Immunology, Inflammation & Infection , NeuroscienceLicences: