Mechano-regulation of stem cell differentiation and tissue regeneration in osteochondral defects
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2005Citation:
D.J. Kelly and P.J. Prendergast `Mechano-regulation of stem cell differentiation and tissue regeneration in osteochondral defects? in Journal of Biomechanics, 38, (7), 2005, pp 1413 - 1422Download Item:
Mechano-regulation of tissue differentiation in osteochondral defects.pdf (published (author copy) peer-reviewed) 11.54Mb
Abstract:
Cartilage defects that penetrate the subchondral bone can undergo spontaneous repair
through the formation of a fibrous or cartilaginous tissue mediated primarily by
mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow. This tissue is biomechanically
inferior to normal articular cartilage, and is often observed to degrade over time. The
factors that control the type and quality of the repair tissue, and its subsequent
degradation, have yet to be elucidated. In this paper, we hypothesise a relationship
between the mechanical environment of mesenchymal stem cells and their subsequent
dispersal, proliferation, differentiation and death. The mechano-regulation stimulus is
hypothesised to be a function of strain and fluid flow; these quantities are calculated
using a finite element model of the tissue. A finite element model of an osteochondral
defect in the knee was created, and used to simulate the spontaneous repair process.
The model predicts bone formation through both endochondral and direct
intramembranous ossification in the base of the defect, cartilage formation in the
centre of the defect and fibrous tissue formation superficially. Greater amounts of
fibrous tissue formation are predicted as the size of the defect is increased. Large
strains are predicted within the fibrous tissue at the articular surface, resulting in
significant cell apoptosis. This result leads to the conclusion that repair tissue
degradation is initiated in the fibrous tissue that forms at the articular surface. The
success of the mechano-regulation model in predicting many of the cellular events
that occur during osteochondral defect healing suggest that in the future it could be
used as a tool for optimizing scaffolds for tissue engineering.
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European Union (EU)
Author's Homepage:
http://people.tcd.ie/kellyd9Description:
PUBLISHED
Author: KELLY, DANIEL; Prendergast, Patrick John
Publisher:
ElsevierType of material:
Journal ArticleSeries/Report no:
Journal of Biomechanics38
7
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Full text availableKeywords:
Mechanical & Manufacturing EngineeringISSN:
0021-9290Licences: