Browsing Clinical Medicine (Theses and Dissertations) by Title
Now showing items 126-145 of 163
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Sleeping with the head [up] of the bed tilted up: physiology & therapy
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2008)Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is common and affects people with increasing age and co-morbidity. It is associated with increased vascular risk, falls and dementia. While pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments ... -
Studies on methotrexate cytotoxicity and apoptosis in human B-lymphocyte cell lines : with emphasis on 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C→T genotype and folate status
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2011)Methotrexate (Mtx) is an antifolate drug which is widely used in treatment of cancer and of autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. The main mechanism by which Mtx operates is inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), ... -
Studies on the interaction of Helicobacter pylori with extracellular matrix proteins
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2008)Helicobacter pylori is a common human pathogen that persistently colonises the stomach of half the worlds population. The majority of people infected with H. pylori are asymptomatic, however, a proportion develop severe ... -
Surface layer proteins of Clostridium difficile as novel vaccine candidates
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2005)Clostridium difficile is a major cause of antibiotic associated diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis in hospitalised patients. The major precipitating factor for C. difficile-associated disease (CDAD) is disruption of ... -
Syphilis and HIV co-infection in Dublin; strategies to enhance diagnosis, investigation and management
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2011)Following historically low levels of reported cases of syphilis in Dublin in the 1990s there was a large outbreak of syphilis reported in 2001. Numerous interventions were implemented and the rates again decreased in 2003. ... -
The application of metabolomics to human nutrition research
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2008)Background: Recent developments in analytical technologies and bioinformatics are driving modem advances in biological research. Many of these methods will have particular relevance in the field of nutrition. Among these ... -
The clinical characterisation and genetic epidemiology of familial ALS in Ireland
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2013)The overall objective of this thesis is to collate the existing literature on familial ALS and to address shortcomings in the research, to investigate aggregation of ALS and other conditions among relatives of patients ... -
The effects of dietary fat and genotype on insulin sensitivity : the LIPGENE Dietary Intervention Study
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2008)The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is characterised by hyperinsulinaemia, low glucose tolerance, dyslipidaemia (increased triacylglycerol, (TAG) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and reduced high density lipoprotein ... -
The epidermal growth factor (EGFR) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) : biomarker and therapeutic target
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2010)Extract from Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in industrialized nations (Parkin, Bray et al. 2005). With approximately 1.35 million people diagnosed with the disease worldwide each year, and ... -
The immune response to Hepatitis C host genetic factors influencing the out-come of Hepatitis C viral infection, in a cohort infected from a single source
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2008)The Immune response to Hepatitis C; Host genetic factors influencing the out-come of Hepatitis C viral infection, in a cohort infected from a single source. A coordinated response from both the innate and adaptive arms of ... -
The immunogenetics of Hepatitis C Virus in a defined unique cohort
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2006)Hepatitis C virus is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide as chronic infection develops in up to 80% of those infected and leads to end-stage liver disease in a significant percentage. The ... -
The interaction between dietary fatty acids and inflammation on insulin sensitivity
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2008)The metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been defined as a multi-component disorder consisting of a combination of metabolic abnormalities associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and ... -
The nutritional status of hospital patients and healthy elderly living in the community
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2000)Protein-energy undernutrition is known to occur in patients on admission to hospital. In a prospective study of 594 sequential hospital admissions, we assessed the prevalence of undernutrition among patients on admission ... -
The pathogenic role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in high-fat diet induced insulin resistance
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2012)Adipose tissue inflammation is central to the pathogenesis of obesity associated insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hepatic steatosis. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced adipose tissue expansion is ... -
The pathophysiology of insulin resistance and modulation by aerobic exercise in obese and Type 2 diabetes subjects
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2005)Insulin resistance is a major contributing factor to the development of Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. It has been difficult to characterise the aetiological progression because of the complex metabolic milieu ... -
The role of folate in the development of colorectal cancer
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2004)Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Europe and the USA each year. Most large bowel cancers arise within pre-existing adenomatous polyps or adenomas. Several case-control and prospective studies ... -
The role of HIF-lalpha and hypoxia in the preferential response of prostate tumours to microtubule-targeting agents
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2010)Tumour hypoxia is emerging as a common feature of prostate tumours associated with poor prognosis mainly due to their resistance to chemo- radiotherapy regimes. The efficacy of microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) has ... -
The role of inflammation and macrophage accumulation in the development of obesity induced Type 2 diabetes mellitus and the possible therapeutic effects of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2010)Obesity gives rise to a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation characterised by inflamed white adipose tissue (WAT) with increased infiltration of macrophages termed adipose tissue macrophages (ATM). These ATM produce ... -
The role of inflammatory mediators and hypoxia in lung carcinogenesis
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2009)Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer related death in Ireland. While treatment options and long term survival have increased for other cancer types, lung cancer lags behind in both areas, with 5 year survival ... -
The role of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-IR) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Medicine. Discipline of Clinical Medicine, 2012)Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer related death in Ireland and worldwide. Despite modest advances in traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy, survival rates remain disappointing at approximately 15%. Targeted ...
