The Economic and Social Review, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1980
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/68552
2024-03-29T12:30:13ZHealth-education and the demand for tobacco in ireland, 1953-76 - note
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/68672
Health-education and the demand for tobacco in ireland, 1953-76 - note
Walsh, BM
THE publication of the report by the Royal College of Physicians in 1962 linking cigarette smoking and lung cancer led throughout the western world to mounting pressure to curb the smoking habit. In Ireland the cancer scare received widespread press coverage, television advertising was phased out by 1971, a warning is now printed on all cigarette packages, and there have been several publically-financed anti-smoking publicity campaigns. Figures for tobacco "retained for home use" per capita (see Table 1) show no long-run trend and might be interpreted as indicating the success of the various measures that have been taken to discourage smoking. More systematic evaluation is, however, required to net out the effect of health education measures. The only study that has addressed this issue is O'Riordan (1969), which was confined to the years before 1968 and found little evidence that consumption had fallen as a result of the cancer scares.
1980-01-01T00:00:00ZWhat went wrong with irelands recent post-censal population estimates
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/68671
What went wrong with irelands recent post-censal population estimates
Hughes, JG
The preliminary results of the 1979 Census (Ireland, 1979) indicated that the population was nearly 3.0 per cent greater than had been expected on the basis of the annual estimates of the population which were issued by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) for the years 1972 to 1978. The errors of closure for the years preceding each of the postwar censuses since 1951 are given in Table 1 from which it will be seen that the percentage error in 1978 was over twice as great as the previous largest error in 1950 and over five times as great as the average error for the years from 1950 to 1970.1international comparisons of errors of closure are given by Shryock et al. (1971, p. 106) and these show that the errors ranged from 1.1 per cent for West Germany in 1950 and 0.17 per cent for England and Wales in 1951 to 0.06 per cent for Australia in 1961. These figures and those shown in Table 1 indicate that there has been a significant deterioration in the relia-bility of Ireland's recent postcensal population estimates. Since reliable annual population estimates are needed by policy makers and planners, amongst others, to assist them in the preparation and evaluation of their programmes, it is important to know what went wrong with the recent estimates so that those who use them are alerted to possible sources of error in future estimates.
1980-01-01T00:00:00ZInefficiency in irish agriculture
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/68670
Inefficiency in irish agriculture
Leddin, A
The purpose of this paper is to compare the relative efficiency of two similar groups of farms in Irish agriculture. Using a restricted profit function to measure economic efficiency and both of its components, price efficiency and technical efficiency, it was found that differences in the behaviour of farm groups do exist and that both failed to maximise profits. The implications for achieving increases in the growth rate of agricultural output are noted.
1980-01-01T00:00:00ZNotes on the behavior of prices
http://hdl.handle.net/2262/68668
Notes on the behavior of prices
Woods, JE
We discuss the behaviour of prices in an n-sector, circulating capital model with no joint production, of the type considered by Sraffa in Part I of his book. Instead of following Sraffa's approach, which uses the notion of proportions of labour to means of production in the various "layers" of means of production, we base our analysis directly on the characteristic roots and vectors of the input-output matrix, A. A straightforward corollary of our main result applies to the case of uniform organic composition of capital, familiar in aggregation theory. We use two mathematical results ? the Cauchy determinant and the Perron-Frobenius theorem on semi-positive indecomposable matrices.
1980-01-01T00:00:00Z